Biopolymers and biobased polymers

We also develop biopolymers for use as packaging for foodstuffs or for medicinal products (see Health business area). By using advanced coatings or the special functionality of biobased monomers, we are able to create new properties for materials. Examples here include the transparent Caramid-polyamides that Fraunhofer IGB has developed from terpenes.

Based on renewable raw materials such as sugar, plant or animal based lipids or chitin, we have also been able to demonstrate methods of synthesizing monomers for the production of polymers, e.g. from short- and long-chain dicarboxylic acids and fatty acid epoxides. The fractionation of plant raw materials and residues is another way of directly utilizing nature's synthesis potential. At Fraunhofer IGB, these pretreatment methods are (further) developed and, if necessary, further conditioning and functionalization are added.

Biobased polymers and additives

Molded paddings from biobased polyamides based on the terpene 3-carene.
© Fraunhofer IGB
Molded paddings from biobased polyamides based on the terpene 3-carene.

At Fraunhofer IGB, Straubing branch, the development of innovative biobased polymers and additives is an important focus of research. The scope ranges from the chemical modification of polysaccharides, the controlled degradation of lignin and the conversion of biomolecules to special polymers to the production of biobased plasticizers and nucleating agents.

Processing of chitin for the textile industry

chitosan
© Fraunhofer IGB
Chitosan, purified from insect skins.

Insect-based chitosan has been established as a local alternative to crab-based chitosan in many respects. On the basis of various projects, the IGB was able to develop a process to obtain high-purity chitosan. A current project deals with the application of hydrophobized chitosan for textile coating. 

Long-chain dicarboxylic acids from plant oils

Long-chain dicarboxylic acids (C>12) are interesting intermediates for the synthesis of plastics with new properties. For example, dicarboxylic acids are used in the production of polyamides and polyesters. However, these are chemically complex to synthesize. Alternatively, long-chain dicarboxylic acids can be produced biotechnologically from the renewable raw material rapeseed oil. In rapeseed oil, fatty acids are bound to glycerine. After cleavage, the free fatty acids can be converted, for example, from yeasts of the genus Candida to dicarboxylic acids.

Candida cells and formation of dicarboxylic acid (DCA) from methyl oleate (OME).
© Fraunhofer IGB
Candida cells and formation of dicarboxylic acid (DCA) from methyl oleate (OME).

Interdisciplinary research field between Stuttgart, Straubing and Leuna

Several innovation fields at all three sites of Fraunhofer IGB deal with the utilization of biopolymers and the production of biobased polymers.

The processes developed at the institute can be scaled up to pilot scale at Fraunhofer CBP.